Archaebacteria

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• Archae­bac­te­ria: A unique group of bac­te­ria adapt­ed to sur­vive in extreme envi­ron­ments.
• Key Char­ac­ter­is­tics:
  • Extremophiles: Thrive in harsh con­di­tions where most oth­er life forms can­not sur­vive.
  • Dis­tinct Cell Wall: Dif­fer­ent cell wall struc­ture com­pared to oth­er bac­te­ria, enabling their sur­vival in extreme envi­ron­ments.
• Types of Archae­bac­te­ria:
  • Halophiles: Live in extreme­ly salty envi­ron­ments (e.g., salt lakes).
  • Ther­moaci­dophiles: Found in hot, acidic envi­ron­ments like hot springs and vol­canic vents.
  • Methanogens: Inhab­it oxy­gen-free envi­ron­ments like marsh­es and swamps; pro­duce methane gas.
• Methanogens and Rumi­nants:
  • Live in the diges­tive sys­tem of rumi­nant ani­mals (cows, buf­faloes).
  • Play a cru­cial role in digest­ing plant mate­r­i­al.
  • Pro­duce methane (bio­gas) as a byprod­uct of their metab­o­lism, which is released from the ani­mal’s dung.