Definition of Decomposition Decom­po­si­tion: The process of break­ing down com­plex organ­ic mat­ter into sim­pler inor­gan­ic sub­stances like car­bon diox­ide, water, […] [...]

Energy Source and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) The Sun is the pri­ma­ry ener­gy source for all ecosys­tems (except deep-sea hydrother­mal ecosys­tems). Of […] [...]

Productivity in Ecosystems Def­i­n­i­tion of Pro­duc­tiv­i­ty Pro­duc­tiv­i­ty: Rate of bio­mass pro­duc­tion in an ecosys­tem, expressed in: Weight: gm⁻² yr⁻¹ Ener­gy: […] [...]

Definition of Ecosystem An ecosys­tem is a func­tion­al unit of nature where liv­ing organ­isms (biot­ic com­po­nents) inter­act among them­selves and […] [...]

Ecosystem – Structure and Function Introduction An ecosys­tem con­sists of biot­ic (liv­ing) and abi­ot­ic (non-liv­ing) com­po­nents. These com­po­nents inter­act, influ­enc­ing […] [...]

Def­i­n­i­tion & Impor­tance of Pre­da­tion: Pre­da­tion is a nat­ur­al process where one organ­ism (preda­tor) hunts and con­sumes anoth­er (prey). It […] [...]

Inter­spe­cif­ic Inter­ac­tions: These inter­ac­tions arise from the inter­ac­tion of pop­u­la­tions of two dif­fer­ent species. They can be: Ben­e­fi­cial: One or […] [...]

Repro­duc­tive Fit­ness: Pop­u­la­tions evolve to max­i­mize their repro­duc­tive fit­ness (also called Dar­win­ian fit­ness). High repro­duc­tive fit­ness is asso­ci­at­ed with a […] [...]

Resource Lim­i­ta­tion in Nature: Unlim­it­ed resources do not exist in nature for any species. Lim­it­ed resources lead to com­pe­ti­tion among […] [...]

Predictable Patterns in Population Growth Pop­u­la­tion growth can fol­low spe­cif­ic and pre­dictable pat­terns over time. Human pop­u­la­tion growth has raised […] [...]