Subtopic: Statistics- How many species are there on Earth and How many in India
Global Species Diversity: Published records exist for all species discovered and named, but estimating the total number of species on...
Topic: Biodiversity
Introduction: If an alien were to visit Earth, the first thing that would amaze him is the enormous diversity of...
Topic: Ecological Pyramids
Definition Ecological pyramids are graphical representations of the relationship between organisms at different trophic levels in terms of number, biomass,...
Topic: Energy Flow
Energy Source and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) The Sun is the primary energy source for all ecosystems (except deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems). Of...
Topic: Decomposition
Definition of Decomposition Decomposition: The process of breaking down complex organic matter into simpler inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water,...
Topic: Productivity
Productivity in Ecosystems Definition of Productivity Productivity: Rate of biomass production in an ecosystem, expressed in: Weight: gm⁻² yr⁻¹ Energy:...
Topic: Ecosystem- Structure and function
Ecosystem – Structure and Function Introduction An ecosystem consists of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. These components interact, influencing...
Topic: Ecosystems and their types
Definition of Ecosystem An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature where living organisms (biotic components) interact among themselves and...
Subtopic: Population Interactions
Interspecific Interactions: These interactions arise from the interaction of populations of two different species. They can be: Beneficial: One or...
Subtopic: Life History Variation
Reproductive Fitness: Populations evolve to maximize their reproductive fitness (also called Darwinian fitness). High reproductive fitness is associated with a...