Topic: Energy FlowCopy
Energy Source and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) The Sun is the primary energy source for all ecosystems (except deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems). Of…
Topic: ProductivityCopy
Productivity in Ecosystems Definition of Productivity Productivity: Rate of biomass production in an ecosystem, expressed in: Weight: gm⁻² yr⁻¹ Energy:…
Topic: Ecosystems and their typesCopy
Definition of Ecosystem An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature where living organisms (biotic components) interact among themselves and…
Topic: Ecosystem- Structure and functionCopy
Ecosystem – Structure and Function Introduction An ecosystem consists of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. These components interact, influencing…
Sub-subtopic: PredationCopy
Definition & Importance of Predation: Predation is a natural process where one organism (predator) hunts and consumes another (prey). It…
Subtopic: Population InteractionsCopy
Interspecific Interactions: These interactions arise from the interaction of populations of two different species. They can be: Beneficial: One or…
Subtopic: Life History VariationCopy
Reproductive Fitness: Populations evolve to maximize their reproductive fitness (also called Darwinian fitness). High reproductive fitness is associated with a…
Sub-subtopic: Logistic growthCopy
Resource Limitation in Nature: Unlimited resources do not exist in nature for any species. Limited resources lead to competition among…
Sub-subtopic : Exponential growthCopy
Predictable Patterns in Population Growth Population growth can follow specific and predictable patterns over time. Human population growth has raised…
Subtopic: Population AttributesCopy
Definition of a Population A population consists of a group of individuals of the same species: Living in a well-defined…