Repro­duc­tive Fit­ness: Pop­u­la­tions evolve to max­i­mize their repro­duc­tive fit­ness (also called Dar­win­ian fit­ness). High repro­duc­tive fit­ness is asso­ci­at­ed with a […] [...]

Resource Lim­i­ta­tion in Nature: Unlim­it­ed resources do not exist in nature for any species. Lim­it­ed resources lead to com­pe­ti­tion among […] [...]

Predictable Patterns in Population Growth Pop­u­la­tion growth can fol­low spe­cif­ic and pre­dictable pat­terns over time. Human pop­u­la­tion growth has raised […] [...]

Population Size and Dynamics Pop­u­la­tion size for any species is not con­stant; it changes over time due to: Food avail­abil­i­ty. […] [...]

Definition of a Population A pop­u­la­tion con­sists of a group of indi­vid­u­als of the same species: Liv­ing in a well-defined […] [...]

1. Introduction to Biological Complexity Our liv­ing world is both diverse and com­plex, con­sist­ing of mul­ti­ple lev­els of bio­log­i­cal orga­ni­za­tion: […] [...]

Overview of Taxonomic Categories Clas­si­fi­ca­tion Process: Involves a hier­ar­chy of steps, each rep­re­sent­ing a rank or cat­e­go­ry. All cat­e­gories togeth­er […] [...]